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OpenAI · Anthropic · Mistral AIEpisode 126 · 26 June 2026 · 36:05

80% of Investment Went to OpenAI and Anthropic: The Market Looks Broad, but the Center of the New Economy Is Already Very Narrow

Central question

Why is 80% of investment concentrated in OpenAI and Anthropic even though the AI market appears broad and diverse?

What you take away

Separate the investment signal and the impressive demonstration from the real business in the case of OpenAI and Anthropic; the assessment must check who pays, which indispensable part of the chain the product controls, and whether the economics survive scale.

Main threads

What to watch for

1Compare “The Optical Illusion of the AI Market” with “What will happen to the programming market”: they provide different criteria for judging the same issue.
2Test the conclusion from “What will happen to applied professions” in your own use case—what actually changes in the process and what remains a promise.
3Before choosing a product or approach, record the constraint identified in “Early Forbes AI companies: who could lead the next wave?”.
4Define the owner of the outcome and the quality metric for the situation described in “What will happen to applied professions”.
Signals to track afterwards
→Watch for actions by Epam and Forbes that confirm or challenge the episode’s central claims.
→Compare new launches and policy changes with “What will happen to applied professions”: have access, quality, price, or constraints changed?
→Check whether the scenario in “What will happen to applied professions” becomes repeatable practice rather than a one-off demonstration.
Most useful for
EntrepreneursProfessionalsExecutives and managersPeople planning their careersCompany leadersOperations teams

Key takeaways

00:00The AI market creates an optical illusion

The decision in “The Optical Illusion of the AI Market” depends on one criterion: hundreds of startups appear every week, but most of the money concentrates in OpenAI and Anthropic, because without foundation intelligence the rest of the ecosystem simply cannot exist.

02:00What determines the outcome: why it's not just a ranking but a map of the AI market's next phase

The “Why it's not just a ranking but a map of the AI market's next phase” scene leads to a working conclusion: it is dangerous to look only at the giants: the next wave may grow in applied markets where the model is not yet the product — in companies with their own data and a customer process.

05:07Why an announcement is not enough: OpenAI and Anthropic as the center of the new AI economy

The practical meaning of “OpenAI and Anthropic as the centre of the new AI economy” is that investors finance models and compute because the ecosystem needs foundation intelligence, but that centrality does not mean the giants will capture all the value in applied markets.

07:15The concentration is especially visible in programming

For the “What will happen to the programming market” scene, the decisive point is this: Codex and Claude Code take over more and more work, while small tools risk becoming a feature inside a platform; the developer does not disappear, but the market pays less for manual boilerplate and more for architecture, data, and responsibility.

16:47Applied professions are changing at different speeds

For the “What will happen to applied professions” scene, the decisive point is this: a lawyer, physician, salesperson, or analyst gets an assistant that speeds up individual operations, but full replacement is harder because of trust, regulation, and ambiguous decisions, and this is where new companies connect a model to industry logic.

21:57Who owns the outcome: physical AI: robots, cars, devices

In the context of “Physical AI: robots, cars, devices,” this criterion applies: physical AI requires manufacturing, sensors, and service, so owners of the foundation model cannot automatically capture all the value in that market.

27:11What changes in real work: creative AI: video, audio, images

The discussion of “Creative AI: video, audio, images” yields a practical test: creative AI depends on rights, brands, and distribution, so a single foundation model does not capture the market's value — it stays with those who control rights and the path to an audience.

32:32Early companies on Forbes lists show where the next wave may appear: not in another general chat, but in a product with proprietary data and a customer process

The decision in “Early Forbes AI companies: who could lead the next wave?” depends on one criterion: the conclusion for a profession is the same. Do not compete with a model at the operation it performs best. Occupy the place where the result has to enter a real market and someone has to answer for it.

What this episode is about

Two companies captured most of the capital, programming is changing faster than other professions, and physical and creative AI require supply chains of their own. It is dangerous to look only at the giants: the next wave may grow in applied markets where the model is not yet the product.

The AI market creates an optical illusion. Hundreds of startups appear every week, but most of the money concentrates in OpenAI and Anthropic. Investors finance models and compute because the rest of the ecosystem cannot exist without foundation intelligence.

The concentration is especially visible in programming. Codex and Claude Code can take over more and more work, while small tools risk becoming a feature inside a platform. The developer does not disappear, but the market pays less for manual production of standard code and more for architecture, data, and responsibility.

Applied professions are changing at different speeds. A lawyer, physician, salesperson, or analyst gets an assistant that accelerates individual operations. Full replacement is harder because the process involves trust, regulation, and ambiguous decisions. This is exactly where new companies arise by connecting a model to industry logic.

Physical AI—robots, vehicles, and devices—requires manufacturing, sensors, and service. Creative AI—video, audio, and images—depends on rights, brands, and distribution. OpenAI and Anthropic cannot automatically capture all the value in those markets even if they provide the foundation model.

Early companies on Forbes lists show where the next wave may appear: not in another general chat, but in a product with proprietary data and a customer process. The conclusion for a profession is the same. Do not compete with a model at the operation it performs best.

Occupy the place where the result has to enter a real market and someone has to answer for it.

An AI company should be judged not by the word AI in its pitch deck, but by its data, implementation cost, customer retention, and control of an important part of the process.

Episode transcript

The episode is in Russian; below is an English reading guide to the transcript (the full EN transcript is a machine translation). Voice matching applied to 5 segments: 3 identified, 0 mixed, 0 probable, and 2 unresolved.

Read transcript on a separate page

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